How It Works

What is a Servo Valve?

A servo valve (or servovalve) is a high-performance electrohydraulic valve that precisely controls flow and pressure in response to an electrical input signal. Unlike proportional valves, servo valves offer higher frequency response, better null characteristics, and tighter tolerances for motion control applications.

Key Sizing Parameters

  • Rated Flow (Qr): Flow at rated pressure drop, typically at 70 bar (1000 psi) total valve dP
  • Flow Gain (Kq): Change in flow per unit change in input signal (LPM/mA or GPM/mA)
  • Pressure Gain (Kp): Change in load pressure per unit change in input
  • Frequency Response: -3dB bandwidth, typically 50-200 Hz for industrial valves

Servo Valve Flow Equation

The flow through a servo valve follows the orifice equation:

Q = Qrated x (u/100) x sqrt(dP_load / dP_rated)

Where u is the spool position (command signal) as percentage of full stroke.

Sizing for Cylinder Applications

For a hydraulic cylinder controlled by a servo valve:

Q_required = A_piston x V_max

Account for the valve pressure drop (typically 1/3 of supply pressure for best control):

dP_valve = P_supply / 3

Frequency Response Requirement

The valve bandwidth should be at least 3-5 times the closed-loop system bandwidth:

f_valve > 5 x f_system

Servo Valve in Cylinder Control System Pump Ps Servo Valve Spool Piston Signal P A B Sizing Rule dP_valve = Ps / 3 Best control authority Flow Equation Q = Qr x sqrt(dP/dPr) At full spool stroke Bandwidth f_valve > 5 x f_system For stable control

Servo Valve Sizing Calculator

Size electrohydraulic servo valves for cylinder motion control applications. Calculate required rated flow based on actuator and system requirements.

Cylinder Parameters
Peak velocity requirement
System Parameters
Pressure to move load
Dynamic Requirements
Closed-loop bandwidth target
Ready to Calculate
Enter values to size servo valve

Results

Required Rated Flow --
Peak Flow Required --
Valve dP Available --
dP Ratio (sqrt) --
Piston Area (extend) --
Annulus Area (retract) --
Area Ratio --
Min Valve Bandwidth --
Flow Gain (at rated) --

Standard Servo Valve Sizes

SizeRated FlowBandwidthApplication
5 LPM5 LPM @ 70 bar200+ HzSmall axes, test rigs
10 LPM10 LPM @ 70 bar150 HzGeneral purpose
20 LPM20 LPM @ 70 bar100 HzMedium cylinders
40 LPM40 LPM @ 70 bar80 HzLarge cylinders
80 LPM80 LPM @ 70 bar50 HzHeavy duty